The study team members met with the hospital administrations to explain purpose of the study and obtained permission. x��Y]o5-X��qW"[-$@ ��PҖ5I���3�z�{wBC��U%ߙ��g�=���$U/�ow���~�^ta��')���q�妻��{������7tZ@�T����$ޓ�NN;L%Y2��{�&ny�*L���'��~��w:CpA��X�km�kC�n�K��9%�W���Wbf���b2�7BC,+��m�Q1Ҋ �u��{��� CM��X+�c�*�J�2h��H��.N�+�,�\�;��=)��(�igh�=�JJ�F���� So, to get complete medicine shipping records of Ethiopia imports, fill up our request demo form. Redefining competencies of junior doctors based on real practice by medical educators and reviewing their scope of practice by regulators merit consideration. The new innovative medical education system in Ethiopia: background and development. Purpose To assess ward-based clinical pharmacy services in an internal medicine ward of Jimma University Specialist Hospital. Medical educators should also ensure that medical students master essential competencies for designing and implementing researches and health programs. Credits and the equivalent ECTS: ECTS â 364. Article Federal Ministry of Health, national human resources for health strategic plan for Ethiopia, 2016 – 2025, 2016. Education, practice and competency gaps of anesthetists in Ethiopia: task analysis. Our results may also be due to limited opportunities for practice due to presence of other health workers primarily tasked with such services. Study Language: English. JAMA. Drug Policy of Ethiopia 2.5. The maternal mortality ratio (353/100,000) and under-five mortality rate (59.2/1000) are unacceptably high [7]. 5 0 obj TY supported the designing of proposal and data collection instrument, data analysis and write up. Using the results of practice analysis and experts’ ratings, relative weights of subjects in the national licensing examination for medical undergraduates were determined. The List of Medicines for Ethiopia is hereby revised for the sixth time in light of the above principle and the latest developments in fields of medicine and pharmacy. Practice of junior doctors was comprehensive in managing patient problems and assuming public health roles. LECTURE NOTES Internal Medicine. However, studies from Nigeria and USA had reported that doctors recognized importance of public health tasks [26, 27]. Daniel Dejene. Unless these newly deployed doctors mastered all essential competencies including for clinical procedures, health programing and research roles, the increment in the numbers alone would have limited impact on population health. We calculated proportions using SPSS version 22 to identify distribution of the tasks with regard to the three variables: importance, frequency, and competence. DW supported data analysis and write up. For the Ethiopian Health Center Team Getnet Mitikie, Mesfin Addissie, Mengesha Admassu, Abilo Tadesse, Amsalu Feleke, Hana Alebachew Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences In collaboration with the Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative, The Carter Center, the Ethiopia Ministry of Health, and the Ethiopia Ministry of Education 2005 The doctors also had competence gaps in procedural, research and health programming skills. The third was the importance: how important a task is for patient or public health outcomes with exclusive response options of high, moderate and low. The 9 regional states and 2 city administrations were the strata and the public hospitals were the clusters. Data collectors received a list of junior doctors at each hospital. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-018-0086-7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-018-0086-7. 22 Full PDFs related to this paper. We developed proportions, averages, graphs and tables. It has also extended longevity of its people. California Privacy Statement, The Essential Medicines List for Ethiopia will be updated from time to time following changes in disease patterns and recent developments in the health sector. Secondly, engagement in practice domains was analyzed by calculating proportion of doctors who performed one or more tasks in a domain on weekly basis. This paper. Despite improvements in the health systems, the population of Ethiopia still bears a heavy brunt of morbidity and mortality. Cite this article. Institution based cross sectional survey was conducted among six HCs in Adama Town from March 19 to April 12, 2017. all to read this very important book (Amharic) entitled Ethiopian Traditional Medicine in Scientific Perspective: Herbal Medicine. Butterworth K, Zimmerma M, Hayes B, Knoble S. Needs assessment for continuing medical education amongst doctors working in Rural Nepal. Davis D, Mazmanian P, Fordis M, Van Harisson R, Thorpe K, Perrier L. Accuracy of physician self-assessment compared with observed measures of competence: a systematic review. Infrequent performance could also be due to the presence of significant gaps in the training curricula of the junior doctors. Internal Medicine Editors Getachew Tizazu, M.D.. Jimma University Tadesse Anteneh, M.D., M.P.H. Practice analysis of junior doctors in Ethiopia: implications for strengthening medical education, practice and regulation. 3. Service profiles of general practitioners in Europe, with the national coordinators of the European GP task profile study. The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. We summarized results using average statistics (mean and median), graphs and tables. The rationale for the lower limit of work experience was that practicing for at least 6 months would give opportunity for the junior doctors to have reasonable exposure in various service areas and to provide valid judgments about their medical practice. A study in Nepal also recommended continuing professional development for doctors on procedural skills and public health tasks [25]. Since the number of junior doctors working in public hospitals in 2013/2014 [15, 16] was estimated to be 1431, we used a finite population adjustment. Hodges B, Inch C, Silver I. Addressing Ethiopiaâs government-mandated massive scale-up through external (MEPI) and internal (in-country medical schools) support could prove to be a creative solution to a widespread problem. In this study, we improved quality of self-assessment through training of data collectors, informing respondents about the study purpose, providing adequate time for self-reflection and ensuring anonymity. Kibwana S, Teshome M, Molla Y, Carr C, Akalu L, Van Roosmalen J, Stekelenburg J. We then asked them to individually allocate percentage weights to different subjects based on professional judgement and local context. A study in United Kingdom reported that foundation doctors were routinely conducting internal medicine and pediatrics tasks but, rarely did surgical and laboratory procedures [17]. Int J Surg. Jhpiego-Ethiopia Country Office, especially the Strengthening Human Resources for Health (HRH) Project. Nearly all respondents believed tasks included in the survey were moderately to highly important for a patient or population health outcome. Ethiopia health sector transformational plan (HSTP) 2015/16–2019/20; 2015. p. 23. Provision of essential surgery in remote and rural areas of developed as well as low and middle income countries. 2. GURH is a teaching hospital which acts as referral center for four district hospitals in the area. SM supported the designing of data collection instrument, data collection, analysis. More than 132 (70%) respondents said they were unable to perform appendectomy, cesarean section, vasectomy, tubal ligation, and cervical cancer screening. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. This study aimed to assess EMs availability and inventory management practices at health centers (HCs) of Adama town, Ethiopia. The most popular practice domains were emergency medicine, internal medicine and pediatrics which were deemed highly important by about 170 (90%) respondents. In Ethiopian context, the findings might not be surprising as these tasks were primarily conducted by other health workers. Federal Ministry of Health. In the first step, we organized the tasks into six subjects which are found in undergraduate medical education; namely, internal medicine, pediatrics, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, minor clinical specialties and public health. Figure 1 presents respondents’ perceived importance of tasks summarized by the practice domains. We drafted a preliminary list of tasks (competencies) for junior doctors using the national scope of practice, local curricula and international competency frameworks. Similarly, while respondents may have overestimated their capability knowingly (due to social desirability) or unknowingly (not understanding the required level of performance), our study uncovered substantial competence gaps, making it a less important concern. To assure data quality, data collectors were trained for three days on study instrument and data collection procedures. CAS This study was financially supported by strengthening human resources for health (HRH) project funded by USAID. The authors declare that they have no competing interest. To develop the exam blueprint, we used proportions and means on task frequency and importance from this study. Download Full PDF Package. PubMed Central Similar concerns have been reported from other countries. Program duration (in years): Six for regular. Feyesa B, Herbst C, Lemma W, Soucat A. Kakuma R, Minas H, van Ginneken N, Dal Poz M, Desirdju K, Morris J, Saxena S, Scheffler R. Human resources for mental health care: current situation and strategies for action, the lancet series. 158. Accordingly, dermatology, internal medicine, and pediatrics were the three most common practice domains, in which more than 94 (50%) doctors performed the tasks on daily or weekly basis. 2006;296(9):1094–102. Little was known about performance of the junior doctors other than their production and distribution thus far. volume 3, Article number: 31 (2018) Federal Ministry of Health, health and health related indicators 2003 EC (2010/11), 2010. Site Director, Internal Medicine Clerkship and Sub-Internship 11. internal medicine wards of general hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a comparative retrospective study Tariku Shimels1, Arebu I Bilal2* and Anwar Mulugeta3 Abstract Objectives: The irrational use of reserved antimicrobials, such as ceftriaxone, is one of the global public health ETHIOPIAN HOSPITAL SERVICES TRANSFORMATION GUIDELINES I Forward The earliest modern efforts to improve the quality of government hospitals throughout Ethiopia began in 2006 with the Ethiopia Hospital Management Initiative (EHMI), envisioned by the then Minister of Health, Dr. Tedros Adhannon, and supported by the Clinton Health Access Initiative The experts considered the importance and frequency of doing tasks for addressing the health needs of the population. 2013;27(1):36–40. LECTURE NOTES Internal Medicine. While it was possible that respondents did not completely and accurately remember performance frequency, we do not believe the deviations were non-random and significant enough to impact the overall practice pattern. Short service duration of junior doctors before residency training may also limit their chance to rotate and practice in various departments [16]. We identified the top 30 competence gaps which primarily included procedural skills in surgery, obstetrics & gynecology, family planning and clinical laboratory. Should hospitals review placements and rotations to ensure full utilization of junior doctors as general practitioners? Open-ended questions were added to capture other tasks performed by the doctors, and to identify tasks that they were unable to perform due to lack of resources. Understanding medical practice is essential to inform medical education and practice, establish licensure examination and guide workforce management decisions. Global Health Research and Policy Needless to say adequate and well-performing physician workforce would advance efforts towards the universal health coverage. Fourthly, we calculated proportions for each category out of the total (the sum of average scores of all categories). We also considered judgement of experts on proportions of examination items from each subject. Google Scholar. Junior doctors in Ethiopia rarely managed psychiatry, ophthalmology and dental patients. Improving the psychiatric knowledge, skills, and attitudes of primary care physicians, Vol. 2018;33(4):426–35. Analysis of junior doctors’ perceptions of importance and frequency of tasks suggested composition of licensing examination to be 21.6% internal medicine, 17.6% pediatrics, 16.8% surgery, 15.2% obstetrics and gynecology, 14.5% public health, 3.4% dermatology, 3% ear, nose and throat, 2.9% dentistry, 2.6% psychiatry and 2.4% ophthalmology. A high performing physician workforce is critical to attain nationally set health sector goals. The results of practice analysis are used to improve standards of national licensing examinations. These findings invite important questions. Terms and Conditions, This Website Provides Free Medical Books.. Report 2015 lesson learned in implementing MDGs: assessing progress in Africa toward the millennium development goals. Prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions among internal medicine ward in University of Gondar Teaching Hospital, Ethiopia Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula1, Alemayehu Berhanie1, Habtamu Tigistu2, Yishak Abraham2, Yosheph Getachew2, Tahir 3 4 Mehmood Khan , Chandrashekhar Unakal * 1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Ethiopia 2 ⦠Article 2015. Since the 13th century is has been the language of the court and dominant population in Highland Ethiopia. The respondents made judgments on the tasks identified in the list. Another study in Western Europe reported that general practitioners had gate keeping roles and wider scope of work [18]. 2015;16(2):76–81. PDF | On Jun 10, 2016, Mussie G/Michael and others published Ethiopian National Guideline on Major NCDs 2016 | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate National disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 257 diseases and injuries in Ethiopia, 1990–2015: findings from the global burden of disease study 2015. The final 222 tasks were included in a structured questionnaire. To determine composition of subjects in a blueprint for the national licensing examination, we collected additional data from 36 practicing doctors and experts so that it can be triangulated with findings of this study. Our greatest pride could be the more than 300 authors who agreed to contribute; or maybe it is the more than 20 countries that our authors call home; or perhaps it rests in the hundreds of original videos and innumerable additional diagrams and other digital media that make this a vibrant book. Mode of delivery: Regular. X��!�+G4KZ!�Fָ9|/r�kO�x p�Ҏ�W!T)��H|: ���d��ܡ���*\@x1�1�^X{�E#F�n��e���s���M�f9��S�8��!VAb13�!C�v�U��&.� Cookies policy. Correspondence to Eth Med J. glob health res policy 3, 31 (2018). Grilo P, Barbosa J, Amélia M. A pilot tuning project-based national study on recently graduated medical students’ self-assessment of competences - the TEST study. More than 70% had never inserted or removed a long-acting reversible contraceptive device (IUD or implants), 83.8% of respondents had never done an appendectomy, and 95.5% had never done a vasectomy. After data entry, the data were re-cleaned to correct errors. We collected data on three variables. A Portugal based study found out that over 80% of new doctors had managed few surgical, obstetric, gynaecologic and emergency patients [19]. 4; 2012. p. 32–5. The first measurement was frequency: how often a respondent performs a task with exclusive response options of daily, weekly, monthly, rarely and never. Download the Medical Book : Standard Treatment Guidelines 4th Edition PDF For Free. However, we know this accounts for a small proportion of the junior doctor population. Junior doctors’ perceptions about importance of tasks summarized by practice domain, Ethiopia, 2015 (N = 191). By taking the new three-tier health care delivery system into consideration, the sixth edition of the National Medicines List of Ethiopia will be further categorized. About 103 (54.5%) reported that their education did not adequately prepare them for some tasks expected from them. Internal Medicine Lecture Notes. In addition, many respondents did not consider family planning and male circumcision as highly important which might explain why they never performed these tasks. Background: Although the practice of western medicine in Ethiopia dates back to the time of King Libne Dengel (1520-1535), organized and sustainable modern medical practice started after the battle of Adwa (1896). Practice, task or job analysis can be used to assess needs for and gaps in education and training, update scope of practice, optimize workforce deployment, and develop blueprint for licensing examinations [12,13,14].
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